The proposal to explore renting cells in foreign prisons in order to address prison overcrowding has sparked intense debate in political, legal and public safety circles. With more than 82,900 inmates for some 62,000 available places, France is in a critical situation. According to data from the Council of Europe, it is one of the countries with the highest overcrowding rates on the continent, behind only Cyprus and Romania. Faced with this scenario, the executive is studying options that until recently seemed unthinkable.

The idea is not new in Europe. Between 2010 and 2016, Belgium rented 680 prison places in Tilburg, in the Netherlands, in a model in which Dutch staff operated under Belgian law. More recently, in 2021, Denmark signed an agreement with Kosovo to transfer 300 inmates there for ten years, at an estimated cost of approximately €200 per prisoner per day. These precedents demonstrate that the model is viable on paper, but they also highlight its practical limitations.

From a security and prison management perspective, the challenges are considerable. Firstly, there is the legal complexity: which legal framework applies? How are the fundamental rights of inmates guaranteed? The Belgian experience showed that specific staff training and close coordination between administrations are necessary. Secondly, logistical costs may be higher than anticipated, particularly with regard to transport, supervision and contract management.

Another critical factor is the impact on reintegration. Several prison system professionals warn that removing inmates from their family and social environment can hinder rehabilitation and increase the risk of reoffending. Visits are complicated by distance and, in some cases, by administrative requirements. Moreover, training and job placement programmes may lose their effectiveness if they are not coordinated with the labour market in the country of origin.

The debate also has a budgetary dimension. France already spends between €100 and €250 per day per inmate, depending on the type of facility. Outsourcing facilities may seem like a quick solution, but it is not necessarily more economical. In a context of pressure on public finances, any decision must be justified on the basis of cost-efficiency and long-term sustainability criteria.

At the same time, the judicial authorities have proposed building modular units for short sentences, while the President has reiterated his willingness to speed up the creation of 5,000 new places. However, trade unions and experts insist that expanding prison capacity does not solve the root of the problem: the excessive use of prison as a criminal justice response.

They propose promoting alternative sentences, mental health programmes and addiction treatment to reduce prison admissions and repeat offences.

The key question is whether renting cells abroad really enhances public safety or simply displaces the problem. European experience suggests that this is a complex measure, with operational and reputational risks, which can only work within a comprehensive criminal justice reform strategy. Without structural changes in criminal policy and reintegration, there is a risk of turning an emergency solution into an expensive and controversial stopgap.

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Chile faces a paradoxical situation in terms of public security: despite having relatively low crime rates compared to other Latin American countries, the perception of insecurity among the population is one of the highest in the world. This contradiction became the central focus of political debate and the presidential electoral campaign, to the point that security is today the main concern among citizens.

Kast’s victory in the recent elections reflects many voters’ response to issues such as public security, illegal immigration and perceptions of insecurity or disagreements with the current economic or social model, which were central themes of the campaign.

According to an Ipsos poll, 63% of Chilean adults identify crime and violence as the issue that concerns them the most, a higher percentage than in countries such as Mexico or Colombia, which have much higher homicide rates. Globally, Chile ranks among the countries most concerned about insecurity and also among those where fewer people feel safe walking around their neighbourhood at night, according to reports by Ipsos and Gallup.

Daniel Johnson, Executive Director of the Paz Ciudadana Foundation, points out that with 6 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants, the country is far from leading the statistics on violence in the region or the world.

Historically, Chile already had higher levels of fear of crime than the objective data indicated. However, this phenomenon has intensified in recent years, requiring further explanation. Studies by the Paz Ciudadana Foundation show that women and lower socioeconomic sectors express the highest levels of fear, especially in areas where the state’s presence is perceived as weak.

Although thefts and attempted thefts affect approximately one third of households—a figure similar to that of previous years—, what has really changed is the nature of the crime. Violent crime has increased significantly: the homicide rate has nearly doubled in a decade, violent robberies have grown by 25% in eight years, and previously rare crimes such as extortion and kidnappings, have started to gain prominence.

This change in the types of crime has a strong psychological impact on the population. Johnson points out that uncertainty about how to protect oneself against these new crimes significantly increases the feeling of vulnerability.

Another key factor is the expansion of organised crime, with the emergence of new organisations that operate differently from traditional ones. There has been an increase in the use of firearms, a rise in planned homicides, and the presence of transnational groups, some of which are linked to foreign nationals, such as the well-known case of Tren de Aragua.

Although immigration did not show a direct correlation with the increase in crime until 2020, authorities and research centres now observe a clear relationship between certain types of crime and foreign organisations, which often exploit both migrants and the local population. This has reinforced the perception that immigration and insecurity are linked, fuelling public and political debate.

Fear of crime is closely linked to mistrust in security and justice institutions. When citizens perceive that the state is not protecting them adequately, the reporting of crime declines, weakening the system’s response capacity and further eroding its legitimacy. However, Chilean police forces have managed to regain some of the trust lost after the social unrest.

Gabriel Boric’s government responded with significant institutional reforms, such as the creation of a Ministry of Security and mechanisms for inter-ministerial coordination. These measures are designed for the medium and long term, but they contrast with citizens’ demands for immediate responses, such as more patrols, lighting and cameras, although these actions have limited impact if they are not accompanied by structural changes.

In this context, security became a central theme of the electoral campaign. All candidates incorporated the discourse of insecurity, validating and amplifying existing fears. Historically, right-wing parties have prioritised control and repression, while the left has focused more on social policies. Today, however, a logic of urgency prevails, favouring short-term measures over preventive and reintegration policies, which are essential for a lasting solution.

Moreover, violent events in the region, such as large-scale police operations in Brazil and US military actions against drug trafficking, reinforce fears that Chile may follow the same path.

Chile is not one of the most violent countries in the world, but it is one of the most fearful. This gap between reality and perception, fuelled by changes in crime, the presence of organised crime, institutional mistrust and political exploitation, poses a major challenge: how to respond to the emergency without giving up on structural, long-term solutions? The future of security in the country will depend on the ability to combine effective control, institutional reforms and social policies that tackle the root causes of violence.

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Between April and October of this year 2025, 91 prisoners were mistakenly released in England and Wales, according to recent data from the British Ministry of Justice. The figures come at a time when the UK government is facing severe pressure following several high-profile cases that have shaken public confidence in the prison system.

This is not an isolated incident: the trend in recent years is clearly upward. In the twelve months running up to last March, 262 inmates were released by mistake, an increase of 128% over the previous year. An alarm signal that points to a deep structural problem.

The Justice Secretary, David Lammy, has openly acknowledged that the British prison system is in a horrendous state. In their view, the 25% reduction in prison staff between 2010 and 2017 has left facilities without sufficient expertise or resources to manage such sensitive processes as releases.

Lammy argues that radical reform is needed and that only technology can prevent mistakes in the future. For this reason, the government has announced several measures:

• Creation of a team of data scientists to analyse historical errors.
• Investment of up to £10 million in new AI tools to reduce human error and replace outdated paper-based systems.
• A hotline to verify outstanding court orders prior to releases.
• Simplification of release policies to standardise procedures.

In addition, the government has pushed for an independent review, which is expected to present results next February.

The crisis has opened a new political front. The shadow justice secretary, Robert Jenrick, has accused the Labour government of generating confusion with its early release programme, created to relieve prison overcrowding. This system allows certain prisoners to be released after serving 40% of their sentence, instead of the usual 50%.

Jenrick believes that Lammy’s management is an absolute farce and that public safety is in jeopardy. In his opinion, the minister has lost control of the system and has been reluctant to publish the data.

Lammy maintains that the early release programme was inevitable because the Conservatives did not expand their prison capacity when they governed. Among the most troubling details, Lammy confirmed that three of the prisoners released by mistake are still at large:

• One initially arrested for not turning himself in to the police, released in December 2024.
• A prisoner for drug offences, released in August 2024.
• A perpetrator of aggravated burglary, released in June 2025.

One of them is foreign; the other two are British. In addition, authorities are investigating a possible fourth recent case, from 3rd November.

The situation has been intensified by recent cases that have filled headlines such as:

• Two prisoners mistakenly released in less than a week from Wandsworth Prison, who were eventually captured.
• The wrongful release of Hadush Kebatu, a migrant who had arrived in the UK on a dinghy and sexually assaulted a 14-year-old girl while living in an asylum hotel. The case sparked protests throughout the country.

Kebatu was eventually deported, but the reputational damage had already been done.

The growth of release errors in British prisons is not just a statistic: it is the sign of a system close to breaking point. Lack of personnel, accumulated pressure, outdated processes and lack of coordination between institutions are problems that cannot be ignored.

Reform, therefore, is not optional: it is essential. And the future of the British prison system will depend, to a large extent, on whether the government is able to implement the announced measures and regain the confidence of an increasingly sceptical public.

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Europol supported eight countries in identifying and eliminating racist and xenophobic propaganda shared on gaming platforms. The referral action day, involving Denmark, Finland, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom, led to the referral of thousands of URLs leading to dangerous and illegal online material.

Carried out on 13 November 2025, this operational action by the European Union Internet Referral Unit (EU IRU) involved the referral of thousands of URLs leading to dangerous and illegal online material. This includes about 5,408 links to jihadist content, 1,070 links to violent right-wing extremist and terrorist content, and 105 links to racist and xenophobic content.

This joint action highlights the complexity of addressing terrorist, racist and xenophobic online content on gaming and gaming-adjacent platforms. The processes of creation and dissemination are layered and often involve multiple platforms. For example, content can be recorded within an online game (or its chat function), altered with violent extremist jargon, suggestive emojis, chants or music and then disseminated on a conventional social media platform.

During the weeks leading up to the action day, the participating experts examined various platforms widely used by youngsters and adults. Users of these gaming and streaming platforms may encounter a variety of dangerous and violent content.

For example, perpetrators recreate terrorist attacks, school shootings or execution scenes in a 3D game, edit the video with chants or suggestive emojis and disseminate it on various commonly used social media platforms for an even wider reach. Other gaming-related platforms intended for game streaming are misused to recruit minors into various violent extremist and terrorist groups or to livestream actual attacks and even suicides.

The target content during the referral action day was found on various types of platforms. Some allow players to broadcast their gameplay in real time and interact with their community via live chat, while others add on-demand videos. Illegal content was also identified on community platforms intended to facilitate the exchange of tips, news and discussions about video games. Lastly, there are hybrid or specialised platforms that combine streaming, community functions and game purchase options. Many accounts on these platforms may not be immediately recognisable as being linked to problematic content, while some even feature usernames and profile pictures with references to infamous terrorists.

EU IRU’s prevention activities are centred around three key areas: monitoring and analysis of online terrorist content, referrals and public-private partnerships. The forthcoming Transparency Report highlights activities carried out in these areas in 2024 and summarises the Unit’s efforts to reduce public access to terrorist content online. In addition, the report describes the activities of the EU IRU in support of the implementation of the Regulation on addressing the dissemination of terrorist content online.

This action day came about as a result of law enforcement authorities across Europe observing that a variety of gaming and gaming-adjacent platforms were being misused as venues for radicalising and disseminating terrorist content online. This abuse is also reflected in various investigations supported by Europol’s European Counter-Terrorism Centre. Prior to this action day, Europol experts organised several operational meetings and facilitated the exchange of operational information and best practices among the participating countries.

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An investigation by BBC journalists Ruth Green, Fiona Trott and Gerry Georgieva has uncovered a disturbing situation: children as young as four and five have been discovered with knives in primary schools in England. The data obtained shows that during 2024 there were 1,304 crimes involving knives or sharp objects in schools and colleges in England and Wales.

Worryingly, at least 10% of these cases involved primary-school-aged children. According to police forces, minors as young as four, five and six years old have been found carrying bladed weapons to class – in some cases, to show them to friends and in others, with threatening intentions.

Kent police responded to an incident involving a boy as young as four who had assaulted a classmate with a knife. In the West Midlands, another six-year-old boybrought a knife to class claiming he wanted to kill another pupil. In another case, a five-year-old boy came to school with a ten-inch kitchen knife.

Although these minors are not criminally responsible, as the minimum age in the United Kingdom is ten years old, the facts have caused concern among families and education professionals.

The debate has intensified in the wake of the case of Harvey Willgoose, a teenager killed by a classmate with a hunting knife in Sheffield. His mother, Caroline Willgoose, is calling on the government to install metal detectors in all schools to prevent further tragedies.

Several British schools have already begun installing metal detection arches. In Dudley, Beacon Hill Academy has recently incorporated this type of control. Some students admit that the arch generates some trepidation, but it also makes them feel more confident.

Sales of metal detectors in schools have tripled in one year, according to data from Interconnective Security Products, which sold 35 between March 2024 and March 2025.

The British Home Office has assured that it is on a mission to halve knife crime. Among the measures announced are Ronan’s Law, which tightens rules for online knife sales, and the Young Futuresprogramme, which seeks to address the social and psychological causes of the problem.

Still, educators’ associations warn that more support for schoolsand prevention programmes are needed; a decade of cutbacks in community policing and youth projects has left many schools alone in the face of this crisis, according to Pepe Di’lasio, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders.

Some teenagers admit to bringing knives to school out of fear. Experts such as Trevor Chrouch, who works with at-risk youth in Sheffield, point out that many of these kids are not looking to cause harm, but to feel safe; for them, carrying a knife is as commonplace as carrying a mobile phone in their pocket.

Professionals agree that more emotional education, extracurricular activities and mediation programmes are needed to prevent these behaviours. As one teenage girl interviewed says: “They don’t teach us how to defend ourselves or manage emotions. Just science, but not how to live life”.

The knife phenomenon in British schools is a reflection of a deep-seated fear among young people and an education system that needs more social and emotional support. Security measures are a necessary step, but not enough: the solution is to educate, listen and protect before it is too late.

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The shift towards a future based on renewable energy presents significant challenges, one of the most pressing being energy storage. Worldwide, battery energy storage systems (BESS) are becoming increasingly common, but their rapid growth has raised significant concerns about their safety.

In New York City, Councilman Robert Holden warns that the proliferation of BESS centres, especially in the Staten Island district, is endangering residents and critical infrastructure.

According to researcher Emma Woollacott, BESS centres use thousands of lithium-ion batteries, similar to those found in laptops and electric cars. These batteries are stored in large metal containers and allow for the conservation of energy produced by renewable sources for use when needed.

To achieve the zero emissions targets by 2050, large-scale storage is essential. Sources such as solar or wind generate energy intermittently, and a way to store their surpluses is required.

According to SolarPower Europe, in 2024, 21.9 GWh of battery storage was installed in Europe, enough to power around 16 million households. But this is just the beginning: by 2030, the European Union needs to multiply that capacity by 10.

Despite the advantages, technology is not without risks. One of the main problems is the possibility of severe fires, such as those that occurred in Essex (United Kingdom), Liverpool, and recently in California, where a fire at one of the largest facilities in the world forced the evacuation of 1,500 people.

The usual cause is the phenomenon known as thermal leakage, which can be caused by short circuits, physical damage, or manufacturing defects. This process causes batteries to release heat, flammable and toxic gases, and under unfavourable conditions it can generate chain explosions.

BESS facilities can contain millions of battery cells, and if they are not well protected, fires can spread easily, warns Professor Robert Dryfe, an expert in physical chemistry at the University of Manchester.

In addition to fires, there are also social and environmental concerns: from the impact of material extraction such as cobalt, to the saturation of electrical networks in countries such as Germany.

In the United Kingdom, communities such as Aberdeenshire in Scotland are protesting against new proposals for BESS centres. Marguerite Fleming, a local activist, complains that the promoters do not take into account the risk of forest fires or floods.

Blackford Renewables, the promoting company, has promised to collaborate with the community and apply the highest safety standards.

Currently, there is no unified regulation at the European level regarding the quality and maintenance of BESS systems. Each country follows its own protocols, which, according to SolarPower Europe, hinders deployment.

However, countries such as China, the USA, the United Kingdom, and Australia are already working on technical guidelines to improve safety. New technologies are also being implemented with automatic fire suppression systems and batteries that are less susceptible to combustion.

Despite the risks, experts agree on one thing: the energy future will require storage and batteries are, for now, the best option.

We use more renewable energy, which means that we need greater grid-scale storage capacity. Basically, we have no other choice, concludes Dryfe.

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The smoke from the wildfires that swept through Los Angeles last January smelled of plastic and was so thick it obscured the ocean. Firefighters who fought the blaze developed instant migraines, coughed up black goo, vomited and fell down dizzy.

Seven months later, some still wake up startled by attacks of wheezing during the night. It is unthinkable that urban firefighters – those American icons that occupy a dominant position in the public imagination – would enter a burning building without wearing a mask. But across the country tens of thousands of wildfire fighters spend weeks working amid toxic smoke and ash, protected only by a handkerchief or nothing at all. This is how researcher Hannah Dreier explained it in The New York Timesin late August.

In the past, wildfire fighters were seasonal workers who alternated deployments with other jobs. It is possible that they suffered only a few days of intense smoke during the year and had winter and spring to recover. Now, as drought and extreme heat increase, wildfires in the United States are starting earlier, burning longer and spreading further. As a result, firefighters often work almost year-round and, as a consequence, many of them are getting ill.

For decades, studies have consistently linked increased exposure to smoke from wildfires to increased cardiovascular and pulmonary problems, cancer and premature deaths. The Forest Service’s own investigators – the U.S. Department of Agriculture agency in charge of managing U.S. forests – have themselves warned of the effects of smoke and have called for providing firefighters with face masks, monitoring their exposures and long-term monitoring of their health status.

Countries with large wildfire seasons such as Canada, Australia and Greece have begun to distribute half-face respirators with replaceable filters, such as those used by painters and demolition crews. In laboratory tests, they puff about 99% of the toxic particles in the smoke. Disposable N95 masks are almost as effective.

But, year after year, the Forest Service sends firefighters into the smoke with nothing to prevent them from inhaling the poison. The agency has opposed equipping firefighters with masks; it publishes safety manuals that do not mention the long-term dangers of smoke exposure, and it does not allow workers to wear masks on the front line, even if they want to.

In a statement the Forest Service has said it wants to protect its crews, but the masks pose too great a risk to firefighters because they can overheat during the strenuous work they must perform to contain a wildfire. Instead, they propose that supervisors move them away from dense smoke and set up sleeping camps in places with cleaner air, when possible.

Respirators are a potential tool for reducing smoke exposure, but regulatory and logistical problems make widespread use impractical.

Researchers in countries that already use face masks have stated that they have not observed an increase in cases of heat stress. Firefighters slow down or remove their masks when it gets too hot, they said. The Forest Service continues to monitor international practices and research.

Internal records, studies and interviews with current and former agency officials reveal another motivation: adopting the masks would mean admitting the danger of wildfire smoke.

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AI agents are becoming increasingly popular among hackers to exploit online bank accounts. By 2027, it is estimated that they will reduce the time to take over an account by 50%.

This is how journalist Anton Mous tells it from cybernews.com.

This is the stark and harsh reality that the U.S. research and advisory company Gartner describes in its latest report, Predicts 2025: Navigating Imminent AI Turbulence for Cybersecurity.

AI agents are becoming useful tools for attackers to break online account protections. Therefore, marketers will need to introduce monitoring tools to analyse interactions with AI agents. This also means that cybersecurity companies should accelerate the move towards passwordless, phishing-resistant multi-factor authentication (MFA).

Account takeover remains a persistent attack vector because weak authentication credentials, such as passwords, are collected by a variety of means, such as data breaches, phishing, social engineering and malware. Attackers leverage bots to automate a barrage of login attempts to various services in the hope that the credentials have been reused across multiple platforms.

Technology-enabled social engineering will also pose a significant threat to corporate cybersecurity in the near future, including audio and video deepfake. By 2028, 40% of all social engineering attacks are expected to target both senior executives and the general workforce, Gartner predicts.

Gartner notes that although only a few cases have been reported so far, those that have occurred have resulted in significant economic damage to the affected parties. Therefore, these incidents should be seen as a wake-up call and a signal that companies should increase their efforts to protect their digital environment.

Organisations will need to stay abreast of the market and adapt procedures and workflows to try to better resist attacks leveraging counterfeit reality techniques.

Educating employees about the evolving threat landscape through the use of specific training on social engineering with deepfakes is a key step, as Gartner analyst Manuel Acosta believes.

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A recent report by the UK’s National Crime Agency (NCA) has highlighted a growing and alarming threat: sadistic online gangs that exploit and abuse minors. These groups, operating in the anonymity of the web, pose an “unprecedented risk” to teenagers, according to the NCA.

The report highlights that sadistic online gangs have become more sophisticated in their methods of exploitation. They use various social media platforms and messaging applications to contact minors, gain their trust and ultimately abuse them. These gangs may be made up of individuals from different parts of the world, making them difficult to identify and prosecute.

What are these sadistic gangs?

These gangs are made up of individuals who revel in the torture and humiliation of others, especially vulnerable teenagers. They use online platforms, forums and social networks to connect, share abusive material and coordinate attacks.

These gangs are not simply groups of trolls or cyberbullies. They are structured organisations, with defined hierarchies and roles, dedicated to the psychological and, in extreme cases, physical torture of their victims. They use sophisticated techniques to hide their identity and track their prey:

• Anonymity and encryption: They use Tor networks, VPNs and other tools to hide their IP addresses and locations.
• Social engineering: They manipulate their victims through the creation of false identities and the generation of trusting relationships.
• Sharing of abusive material: They exchange videos and images of torture and humiliation, creating a vicious cycle of violence and abuse.
• Coordination of attacks: They plan and execute coordinated attacks, both online and offline, to maximise the damage to their victims.

Their activities include:

• Online sexual abuse: Sharing and production of child sexual abuse material.
• Extreme violence: Promotion of and incitement to acts of physical and psychological violence.
• Public humiliation: Exposure and dissemination of content that is humiliating for victims.
• Extortion and blackmail: Threats to obtain money or compromised material.

The scope of the problem

The NCA report reveals that these gangs are on the rise and that their sophistication and reach are increasing. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the problem, as adolescents spent more time on the Internet, increasing their vulnerability to these predators.

Consequences include:

• Psychological trauma: Anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and suicidal thoughts.
• Social isolation: Shame, fear and distrust that hinder social relationships.
• Academic difficulties: Concentration and school performance problems.
• Substance abuse: Attempt to relieve emotional pain through alcohol and drugs.
• Self-harm: As a coping mechanism for emotional pain.

The NCA is working with other law enforcement agencies and international organisations to combat this threat. Strategies are being implemented to improve detection and prosecution of these groups, as well as to educate minors and their families about the risks and how to protect themselves.

Useful resources

• UK National Crime Agency (NCA): https://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/
• NCA Report: https://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/threats-2025/nsa-csa-2025
• NCA press release: https://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/news/sadistic-online-harm-groups-putting-people-at-unprecedented-risk-warns-the-nca
• News article from New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/25/world/europe/online-gangs-teenage-boys-violence.html

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Alarm has been sounded in the United States: the use of nitazenes, a class of synthetic opiates, is increasing.[1] This situation should lead to rethinking treatment and response policies for this type of drug. The drug can be found in powder, pills or liquid form and can be mixed with other drugs such as heroin, fentanyl or benzodiazepines.

The response to fentanyl use had already raised problems because the doses of naloxone needed to correct fentanyl overdoses must be much higher than in the case of heroin. Now, nitazenes pose an even greater challenge, because they are more potent opiates than fentanyl. The use of this new drug has already led to several overdose deaths in the United States. The most potent class of nitazenes is forty times stronger than fentanyl and thousands of times stronger than morphine. The danger of this new opioid has meant that its therapeutic use has not been admitted in any case, unlike fentanyl, which has been admitted for clinical use.

There is an unconscious use of nitazenes, as people are unaware that it is present in other drugs they take. There are no tests that detect nitazene levels as there are for fentanyl. Like the latter opioid, nitazenes weaken people who take them. Thus, we can find people who use heroin and have a stable job, meanwhile this situation is much more difficult to find in the case of fentanyl and nitazenes.

Currently, instruments to detect nitazenes are inadequate or non-existent, especially in the United States, where analysis of wastewater is not carried out, as is done in the countries of the European Union. Detection in the blood of people who ingest it is difficult because it disappears very quickly, so detection in wastewater is extremely necessary.

China seems to be the main source of nitazene precursors, which are shipped to Mexico and then illegally entered into the United States.

[1] Vid. ‘Even worse than fentanyls’: nitazenes in the USA – The Lancet

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